The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites.As rival warlords tore the country apart into clan-based fiefdoms, an internationally-backed unity government formed in 2000 struggled to establish control, and the two relatively peaceful northern regions of Somaliland and Puntland effectively broke away.The seizure of the capital Mogadishu and much of the country's south by a coalition of Islamist shariah courts in 2006 prompted an intervention by Ethiopian, and later, African Union, forces.Since 2012, when a new internationally-backed government was installed, Somalia has been inching towards stability, but the new authorities still face a challenge from Al-Qaeda-aligned Al-Shabab insurgents.Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, also known as Farmajo, was elected by MPs gathered under tight security in a hangar at the airport of the capital Mogadishu in February 2017. Domestic web access is held back by poor infrastructure, but social media use is on the rise.Protest, defiance and the arena: How sport stood up for black livesTango competitors take to the living room floor. If we accept that al-Shabaab’s terrorist tactics are a symptom of the broader Somali civil war, the most important security question for Somalia is not how to defeat al-Shabaab, but rather, how to end a civil war. This adversely affected both sides of the conflict, as the TFG controlled the port and its profits. Ethiopian authorities denied this.After a multinational conference held on 25 November in On 31 December 2011, the Transitional Federal Government soldiers and around 3,000 allied Ethiopian army troops attacked In 2013, Ethiopian Foreign Minister Tedros Adhanom announced that Ethiopian troops were pulling out of Baidoa as the situation on the ground was relatively stable and the Somali military and AMISOM forces were now able to assume security duties. Before they withdrew they released over 20 lorries which used to travel between the South and Central regions of Somalia.On 1 August, 27,000 Ethiopian troops entered Somalia through the border town of Dolo, where 6,000 Ethiopian forces are based. VideoMelania Trump ex-confidante tell-all dishes on 'Princess Ivanka'Jacob Blake: Trump visits law enforcement after police shootingFBI worried that Ring doorbells are spying on policeHeart of Belgian city mayor found entombed in fountainWildlife Photographer of the Year: How many crocodiles can you see?Zimbabwe to return land seized from foreign farmersCharlie Hebdo: Magazine republishes controversial Mohammed cartoonsCoronavirus: Apple iPhones can contact-trace without Covid appBella Thorne, OnlyFans and the battle over monetising content As in many civil wars, rebel groups will resort to terrorism based on a clear, if cruel, strategic logic. The 2009–present phase of the Somali Civil War is concentrated in southern and central Somalia and portions of north eastern Kenya.It began in early February 2009 with the conflict between the forces of the Federal Government of Somalia, assisted by African Union peacekeeping troops, and various militant groups and factions. TFG officials in the region reported they were planning to capture the entire Bay and Bakool regions from al-Shabaab.On 30 December, TFG forces clashed with Ethiopian troops in the Jawil district, near Beledweyne, after Ethiopian forces took a TFG soldier into custody. By 16 May, al-Shabaab captured the strategic town of President Sheikh Sharif Ahmed declared a state of emergency by 22 June, as a new round of fighting in Mogadishu left 12 dead and 20 injured with hundreds more fleeing the city.The armed conflict between Hizbul Islam and al-Shabaab began due to a dispute between the faction of the Ras Kamboni Brigades led by Sheikh Ahmed "Madoobe" and al-Shabaab, over a power sharing agreement in Throughout 2009 November, fighting between the two factions continued as the battle lines moved into Southern Somalia, resulting in a decrease in insurgent attacks at Mogadishu targeting government forces (TFG) and their allies (AMISOM).Al-Shabaab controlled roughly half the lands claimed by the Somali government at their greatest extent in 2009 July. Al-Shabaab also vowed war against the new government.On 7 May, a fierce battle for control of Mogadishu started between al-Shabaab and Hizbul Islam against the TFG. The assault on Beledweyne by government forces came as the TFG governor of Hiraan (belonging to Sharif Ahmed's ARS-Djibouti faction), 20 May, Ethiopian forces seized control of the previously al-Shabaab held towns of Yeed and On 18 July, Ethiopian forces withdrew from all their bases in Hiraan and Bakool regions. The TV and press sectors are weak and radio is the dominant medium. At the same time though, places such as Bakaara Market were controlled by the insurgents where many of the goods were bound to be sold.The 2010–11 battle of Mogadishu began when al-Shabaab militants launched an offensive to capture the city.